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토성의 위성 중 하나에서 발견될 가능성이 있는 생명체의 핵심 구성 요소
Dec 13, 2023작성자: Southwest Research Institute2022년 10월 7일
토성의 얼음 위성 엔셀라두스(Enceladus)의 상세한 적외선 이미지에서 붉은색 부분은 표면에 쌓인 신선한 얼음을 나타냅니다. 출처: NASA/JPL-Caltech/애리조나 대학교/LPG/CNRS/낭트 대학교/우주 과학 연구소.
The subsurface ocean of SaturnSaturn is the sixth planet from the sun and has the second-largest mass in the Solar System. It has a much lower density than Earth but has a much greater volume. Saturn's name comes from the Roman god of wealth and agriculture." data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]">토성의 달에는 생명체의 핵심 구성 요소인 인이 풍부할 가능성이 높습니다.
남서부 연구소(Southwest Research Institute)의 크리스토퍼 글라인(Christopher Glein) 박사가 이끄는 연구자 그룹이 토성의 위성 엔셀라두스(Enceladus)의 지하 바다에서 생명의 핵심 구성 요소에 대한 새로운 증거를 발견함에 따라 외계 생명체에 대한 탐색이 더욱 흥미로워졌습니다. 새로운 모델링에 따르면, 엔셀라두스의 바다에는 생명체의 필수 성분인 용존 인이 상당히 풍부해야 합니다.
"Enceladus is one of the prime targets in humanity's search for life in our solar system," said Glein, a leading expert in extraterrestrial oceanography. He is a co-author of a paper recently published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) describing this research. "In the years since NASAEstablished in 1958, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an independent agency of the United States Federal Government that succeeded the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA). It is responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research. Its vision is "To discover and expand knowledge for the benefit of humanity." Its core values are "safety, integrity, teamwork, excellence, and inclusion." NASA conducts research, develops technology and launches missions to explore and study Earth, the solar system, and the universe beyond. It also works to advance the state of knowledge in a wide range of scientific fields, including Earth and space science, planetary science, astrophysics, and heliophysics, and it collaborates with private companies and international partners to achieve its goals." data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]">NASA's CassiniThe Cassini–Huygens Mission, generally called Cassini, was a joint mission between NASA, the European Space Agency and the Italian Space Agency to study the Saturn system. Launched in 1997, Cassin provided astronomers with a massive amount of data about Saturn and its rings, its magnetosphere, and its moons. Cassini reached the end of its journey in 2017 when it deliberately dived into Saturn's atmosphere, where it disintegrated like a meteor." data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]">카시니 우주선이 토성계를 방문했을 때 우리는 수집된 데이터를 통해 가능해진 발견에 계속해서 놀랐습니다."
SwRI 수석 과학자 크리스토퍼 글라인(Christopher Glein) 박사는 정인산염 형태의 인(예: HPO4-2)이 토성의 위성 엔셀라두스의 지하 바다에 풍부할 가능성이 있다는 새로운 발견에 기여했습니다. 엔셀라두스 내부의 소다수 또는 알칼리성 바다(NaHCO3 및/또는 Na2CO3 함유)는 암석 코어와 지구화학적으로 상호 작용합니다. 모델링에 따르면 이러한 상호 작용은 인산염 광물의 용해를 촉진하여 정인산염을 해양 생물이 쉽게 사용할 수 있게 만드는 것으로 나타났습니다. 인은 생명체의 필수 성분이기 때문에 이번 발견은 이 작은 토성의 위성에 거주 가능성이 있다는 증거를 뒷받침합니다. 신용: 사우스웨스트 연구소
카시니 임무는 달의 얼음 표면의 균열에서 얼음 알갱이와 수증기 기둥이 우주로 폭발할 때 엔셀라두스의 밑에 있는 액체 물 샘플을 탐지하고 분석했습니다.
One of the most significant findings in planetary science in the last 25 years is that worlds with oceans under an ice surface layer are common in our solar system. The icy satellites of the large planets, including Europa, Titan, and Enceladus, as well as more distant entities like PlutoPluto is a dwarf planet in the Kuiper belt, a ring of bodies beyond Neptune. Discovered by American astronomer Clyde Tombaugh in 1930, it was originally considered the ninth planet from the Sun. Its status as a planet was questioned after other similar size objects were discovered in the Kuiper belt, and in 2006 the International Astronomical Union (IAU) officially reclassified it as a dwarf planet." data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]"Pluto, are examples of such worlds. Worlds with surface seas, like Earth, must stay within a narrow range of distances from their host stars in order to maintain temperatures suitable for surface liquid water. Interior water ocean worlds, on the other hand, may occur across far greater distances, substantially increasing the number of habitable worlds that are predicted to exist throughout the galaxy./p> Phosphorus in the form of phosphates is vital for all life on Earth. It is essential for the creation of DNADNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a molecule composed of two long strands of nucleotides that coil around each other to form a double helix. It is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms that carries genetic instructions for development, functioning, growth, and reproduction. Nearly every cell in a person's body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus (where it is called nuclear DNA), but a small amount of DNA can also be found in the mitochondria (where it is called mitochondrial DNA or mtDNA)." data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]">DNA and RNARibonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule similar to DNA that is essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation and expression of genes. Both are nucleic acids, but unlike DNA, RNA is single-stranded. An RNA strand has a backbone made of alternating sugar (ribose) and phosphate groups. Attached to each sugar is one of four bases—adenine (A), uracil (U), cytosine (C), or guanine (G). Different types of RNA exist in the cell: messenger RNA (mRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and transfer RNA (tRNA)." data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]"RNA, energy-carrying molecules, cell membranes, bones, and teeth in people and animals, and even the sea's microbiome of plankton./p>